Hi Sandhyarani,

Emotional regulation improved the test outcomes of lower-income students but not enough to completely close the gap between them and higher-income students. There are likely to be many other factors, beyond emotions, involved in explaining the discrepancy in academic performance between rich and poor students. Those factors mean that the higher-income students still outperformed the lower-income students overall after the interventions, but to a smaller degree.

As I explain in the article, the emotional regulation techniques reduced the gaps between rich and poor students by significant percentages. It therefore seems like a useful tool for helping disadvantaged people tackle high-stakes challenges.

Hope that helps.

Erman.